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Endodontics deals with the tooth pulp and the tissues surrounding the root of a tooth. If the pulp (containing nerves, arterioles and venules as well as lymphatic tissue and fibrous tissue) has become diseased or injured, endodontic treatment is required to save the tooth.
The most common procedure performed in endodontics is root canal therapy. Other procedures practiced in endodontics include incision for drainage, internal tooth bleaching to fix teeth that have blackened because of infiltration of decayed soft tissue into the dentin in the teeth - most often seen in incisors that have been injured through a sudden impact, and periradicular surgery (apicoectomy); the more radical treatments generally are needed in cases of abscesses, root fractures, and problematic tooth anatomy, but may be indicated in treating teeth that have persistent root end pathosis following root canal treatment.
Root canal is also a slang term for a dental operation i.e., endodontic therapy, wherein the pulp is cleaned out, the space disinfected and then filled.
A Root End Surgery, also known as "apicoectomy", is an endodontic surgical procedure whereby a tooth's root tip is removed and a root end cavity is prepared and filled with a biocompatible material. This is usually necessitated when a conventional root canal therapy had failed and a re-treatment was already unsuccessful or is not advised.
- Root Canal Treatment
- Post and core
Periodontics
Oral surgery
- Impactions
- Apicocectomy
- Frenectomy
Bone augmentation - Bone Regeneration
The body is an amazing specimen. When you have a minor cut or scrape, you know it will repair itself. Your blood vessels will clot and produce a scab, allowing for the area to regenerate skin on its own. If the area doesn't scar, you'll have no evidence of the injury once it's completely healed.
Unfortunately, not all of our body parts repair as easily as our skin. Infections often need medical intervention and infections of the mouth are no different. As we get older, we're more likely to experience gum disease, which in turn can lead to bone loss. If that's the case, bone regeneration is often necessary to prevent tooth loss or prepare your jawbone for dental implants.
In the early stages of gum disease, your dentist may use scaling and root planing to remove dental tartar and infection below the gum line and smooth the area so the tissues can repair themselves. When bone is lost, the hard tissue will not be able to repair itself on its own, making non-surgical periodontal procedures ineffective.
Bone regeneration is a periodontal surgical procedure that regenerates jaw bone and tissue to correct the damage caused by periodontal disease. Bone regeneration is often performed to protect your existing teeth and the soft tissues that keep them in place.
Bone regeneration can also benefit patients with missing teeth and those who don't qualify for dental implants. While dental bridges and dentures can help slow down the process, they will not eliminate the bone loss that inevitably occurs from tooth loss. Although dental implants resolve this problem, they require a significant amount of jawbone prior to the procedure in order to be successful. Bone regeneration can help patients who suffer from a deteriorated jawbone support their restorations or prepare for the dental implant procedure.
There are two types of bone regeneration used to treat advanced stages of gum disease:
Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) -- The procedure described above is often used to regenerate bone to support a fake tooth, such as a dental bridge or dental implant. GBR is also used to save teeth from being lost.
Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) -- Although the procedure is similar to GBR, guided tissue regeneration is focused on the soft tissues that support your teeth. GTR is used to regenerate damaged periodontal structures, including bone, periodontal ligaments and connective tissue attachments.
These procedures are different from bone grafting, a surgical procedure that uses bone from another area of the body or a synthetic substance to replace missing bone. The graft strengthens the area by forming a bridge between itself and the existing bone. If the bone graft is successful, the replacement bone will fuse to your natural jawbone, allowing the natural bone to grow and eventually replace most of the grafted material.
Orthodontics
- Braces
- Habit breakers
- Growth modifiers
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